Poland (Polish: Polska) - officially, the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska) - is a country located in the eastern portion of Central Europe, member of the European Union. It limits with Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and the Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of Russia, to the north.

 

 

The Polish territory comprises in its largest portion to the north part of the great European mountain and encompasses the mountainous territory of the Sudetenland, the Carpathians and the Sierra de la Santa Cruz. Its capital and most populous city is Warsaw, the historical capital of Mazovia, although for many Poles, it is more important the old capital, Krakow, and Poznan, the old capital of the Poles, ancestors of Poland. The creation of

a Polish nation is often identified with the adoption of Christianity by its monarch Miecislao I in 966, when its territory was similar to that of modern Poland.

 

 

The Kingdom of Poland was formed in 1025, and in 1569 it made a long association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin, whereby it was erected in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Commonwealth collapsed in 1795, and the Polish territory was divided between Russia, Prussia and Austria. Poland covered its independence after the First World War as the Second Polish Republic, but it was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union at the outbreak of World War II in September 1939. During the 1989 Revolutions, the communist government was overthrown and then happened for

what is constitutionally called the Third Republic of Poland. Politically, the republic is a unitary State subdivided into sixteen voivodeships (Województwo), a member of the European Union since 2004.

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