Panama is a country located in the extreme southeast of Central America. Its official name is the Republic of Panama and its capital is the city of Panama.12 It borders on the North with the Caribbean Sea, on the South with the Pacific Ocean, on the East with Colombia and on the West with Costa Rica. It has an area of ​​75,517 km². Located on the isthmus that unites South America with Central America, its mountainous territory is only interrupted by the Panama Canal. Its population is 3 706 596.1 On January 1, 2014 the province of Panamá Oeste is created, thus being constituted by 10 provinces and 5 indigenous districts. Before December 31, 2013, it was constituted by 9 provinces.

​

According to the Panamanian Constitution, Spanish is the official language of the country and all Panamanians have a duty to know it and the right to use it.14 In 2006, it was the mother tongue of 93.1% of Panamanians.15 Other languages , also Panamanians, are recognized in the educational system in diverse communities where the indigenous population is the majority.