Finland, officially Republic of Finland (in Finnish: Suomi or Suomen Tasavalta, in Swedish: Finland or Republiken Finland (? · I)), is a member country of the European Union since 1995 and located in northeastern Europe. It has borders to the west with Sweden, to the east with Russia and to the north with Norway. On the west and the south it is surrounded by the Baltic Sea, which separates it from Sweden and Estonia, crossing the gulfs of Botnia and Finland, respectively. The most important capital and city of the country is Helsinki.

In 2011, Finland had a population of 5.4 million inhabitants in an area of ​​303,899 km². The vast majority of the country's population is concentrated in the extreme south, on the Gulf Coast of Finland and its surroundings (including the Helsinki Metropolitan Area). Finland is the sixth largest country in Europe and has a low population density of 15.5 inhabitants per km², which makes the country the second lowest population density in the European Union. Most Finns speak Finnish (or Finnish) as their mother tongue, which is one of the few official languages ​​of the European Union that do not descend from the Indo-European family. The second official language of Finland is Swedish, spoken as a mother tongue by 5.6% of the population. It achieved its independence and the Icelandic economy developed rapidly.