Cuba, officially called the Republic of Cuba, 1 is an island country of the Caribbean, based in a delmar archipelago of the Antilles. Its form of government is that of socialist republic. Its territory is organized into fifteen provinces and a special municipality. Its capital and most populated city is Havana.

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The main island, known as the Island of Cuba, is the largest of the Greater Antilles and has orogenic origin. Also part of the archipelago are the Isla de la Juventud and a multitude of keys or small islands that surround the aforementioned ones, among them: Cayo Coco, Cayo Guillermo, Cayo Largo del Sur, and Cayo Jutía, among others. To the north is the US state of Florida as well as the Bahamas, west Mexico, and south the Cayman Islands and Jamaica. To the southeast of Cuba is the island of La Española.

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The country ranks 44th in the Human Development Index prepared by the United Nations Organization, and the 2nd among Latin American countries, only behind Chile, surpassing Argentina and Uruguay.6

In addition, according to the data that the country itself provides to the UN, Cuba is the only country in the world that meets the two criteria that, for the WWF organization, mean the existence of sustainable development: high human development (HDI 0.8 ) and sustainable ecological footprint.